| ASTM# | Test Name | Description |
C-20
Porosity and Absorption |
Apparent Porosity, Water Absorption, Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Burned Refractory Brick and Shapes by Boiling Water. – T9310 |
The apparent porosity, bulk density, apparent specific gravity, and water absorption are determined by the boiling method. Testing of five specimens (1/4 brick or a 25 to 30 in3 piece) per type/brand is suggested by ASTM |
C-92
Sieve Analysis |
Sieve Analysis and Water Content of Refractory Materials. – T9350 |
Water Content: A 2 to 5 lb. representative sample of material should be submitted. Sieve Analysis: Tyler Standard series sieves are used. A 2 to 5 lb. representative sample of material should be submitted. |
C-93
Cold Crush and MOR |
Cold Crushing Strength and Modulus of Rupture of Insulating Firebrick. – T9360 |
Crushing Strength: the crushing load is applied to the 4 1/2" x 4 1/2" face of half bricks. Testing of 10 specimens per type/brand is suggested by ASTM. MOR: Flexural strength is determined in three-point bending on 9" x 4 1/2" x 2 1/2" or 3" bricks. Testing of ten specimens per type/brand is suggested by ASTM. |
C-133
Cold Crush and MOR |
Cold Crushing Strength and Modulus of Rupture of Refractories. – T9380 |
Crushing Strength: the crushing load is applied to the 2" x 2" face of a 2" cube or the 2" diameter face of a 2" diameter x 2" high cylinder. Testing of five specimens per type/brand is recommended by ASTM. MOR: Flexural strength is determined in three-point bending on 9" x 4 1/2" x 2 1/2" or 3" bricks. Other sizes can be used depending on the material. Testing of five specimens per type/brand is recommended by ASTM. |
C-134
Bulk Density |
Size and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insulating Firebrick. – T9390 |
The weight per volume is determined using the specimen weight and dimensions. Warpage is measured with the use of warpage wedges. Testing of ten specimens of each type/brand is suggested by ASTM. |
C-135
Specific Gravity |
True Specific Gravity of Refractory Materials by Water Immersion. – T9400 |
A water immersion technique is used to determine the true specific gravity of a ground sample. A completely representative sample is required for the analysis. |
D-257
Electrical Resistivity |
DC Resistance Or Conductance of Insulating Materials. – T9485 |
Surface and volume electrical resistivity of insulating materials are determined by DC, as well as by AC methods. Specimen dimensions and electrode configuration are determined on an individual basis. |
C-357
Bulk Density of Aggregate |
Bulk Density of Granular Refractory Materials. – T9510 |
A 3 mesh by 8 mesh sample of about 70 gm is weighed, boiled in water, and its volume measured using a buret. A sample of at least 5.5 lbs. should be submitted as recommended by ASTM. |
C-577
Permeability |
Permeability of Refractories. – T9560 |
Air or nitrogen is used to determine permeability. the direction of flow should be indicated by arrows on the specimens. Testing of four 2" cube specimens of each type/brand is recommended by ASTM |
C-583
HMOR |
Modulus of Rupture of Refractory Materials at Elevated Temperatures. – T9570 |
Flexural strength is determined for 1" x 1" x 7" bars at temperature in three-point bending. Price includes a 12 hour hold at the test temperature. Testing of five specimens per type/brand is recommended by ASTM. |
C-704
Abrasion or Erosion |
Abrasion Resistance of Refractory Materials at Room Temperature. – T9590 |
The volume of materials abraded by a specified exposure to SiC grit blast is measured. Specimens are typically 4 1/2" square and 3" thick. |
C-830
Porosity |
Apparent Porosity, Liquid Absorption, Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Refractory Shapes by Vacuum Pressure. – T9630 |
A vacuum is used to determine the apparent porosity, bulk density, liquid absorption, and apparent specific gravity. Testing of five specimens (1/4 brick or 25 to 30 in3 piece) per type/brand is suggested by ASTM. |
C-885
Elastic or Young’s Modulus |
Young’s Modulus of Refractory Shapes by Sonic Resonance. – T9710 |
Resonant Frequency is determined by a non-destructive sonic method in the flexural mode on prism or rod specimens. Young’s Modulus is calculated from the resonant frequency, mass, and dimensions. |
C-914
Bulk Density by Wax Immersion |
Bulk Density and Volume of Solid Refractories by Wax Immersion. – T9720 |
This method is used to determine volume and bulk density of a refractory of any shape providing it has sufficient structural integrity to permit handling. at least five representative specimens, as suggested by ASTM, should be supplied. |
C-1099
Carbon MOR or Flexural Strength |
Modulus of Rupture of Carbon-Containing Refractory Materials at Elevated Temperatures. – T9758 |
Flexural strength is determined for 1″ x 1″ x 6″ bars at 2550°F in three-point bending. Testing of five specimens per type/brand is recommended by ASTM. |
C-1100
Thermal Shock
|
Ribbon thermal Shock Testing of Refractory Materials. – T9760 |
Specimens receive alternating 15 minute heating at 1800°F and cooling in air cycles. the before and after shock strength and sonic properties are measured and both the actual and percent change in properties are reported. Five 9" bricks per type/brand are suggested by ASTM. |
C-1171
Thermal Shock
|
Quantitatively Measuring the Effect of thermal Cycling On Refractories. – T9765 |
Determination of the relative thermal shock resistance of refractories using 5 alternating 10 minute heating at 2190°F and cooling in air cycles. Ten specimens 1" x 1" x 6" per type/brand are required by ASTM, and both the actual and percent change in strength and ultrasonic properties are reported. |
C-1548
Youngs Modulus by Impulse Excitement |
Dynamic Young’s Modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson’s ratio or refractory materials by impulse excitement of vibration. |
A brick or plate shaped sample is tapped and the resonant frequencies used to calculate elastic properties. |
| Chemical Analysis |
Chemical Analysis. – T9830 |
Full service analytical capabilities are offered. All analyses are performed by a subcontractor. MtrC prefers to prepare the needed representative powder from the bulk sample(s) submitted. the analyses listed below show the main services provided by MtrC. Other species can be analyzed if requested. |
| Microscopy |
Microscopic Analysis. – T9775 |
Optical Microscope: Reflected light techniques are used to characterize the microstructure of materials submitted. Photomicrographs can be provided, if requested. Quote. Scanning Electron Microscope: Electron beam techniques are used to characterize the microstructure of materials submitted. Photomicrographs can be provided, if requested. |
| 1419 |
Ultrasonic Velocity . – T9780 |
The speed of sound is measured non-destructively for brick through 3 dimensions. Testing of 5 specimens per type/brand is recommended. |
| XRD |
X-Ray Diffraction Analysis. – T9790 |
The major and minor crystalline phases present in a sample are determined on a qualitative basis. All analyses are performed by subcontractor. MtrC prefers to prepare the needed representative powder from the bulk sample(s) submitted. |
